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It is used to deburr, smooth, polish or burnish parts by moving them through a vibrating charge of media. The bowl shape gives a more uniform action than a tub machine, which suits small and medium parts in higher volumes.
A bowl machine gives a more uniform circulation and generally suits smaller parts. A tub machine provides a longer path and is often chosen for longer, heavier or awkwardly shaped parts.
The media shape and size are chosen from the smallest feature that must be reached, and then the grade is chosen from the surface the part is allowed to lose. Geometry decides size; the finish requirement decides grade.
Cycle time is decided by what the process has to achieve on the part, and it should be established on a sample and confirmed by inspection. It is not a fixed number, and lengthening it does not fix a problem caused by the wrong media.
Wet processes normally run with a controlled flow of water and compound. The flow matters because it carries away fines and keeps the media working; a flow that is too low lets the charge become loaded and the result becomes uneven.
Answers are directions to test on a sample part, not validated results for a specific component.